Staring into the Devil's Throat

Listed as one of the 7 New Natural Wonders of the world with 275 waterfalls over almost 3 km, how could we not visit Iguassu while in South America? Our opportunity finally arose over the Easter weekend.

The mighty Iguassu Falls 

Iguassu Falls (also known as Iguaçu in Portuguese and Iguazú in Spanish) lies on the Iguassu River in the Southern Brazilian state of Paraná on the border with Argentina. Legend has it that a love scorned deity sliced the river creating the waterfalls and sentencing the lovers who escaped in a boat to fall for eternity. Science has it that a volcanic eruption caused the split in the basaltic cap that spans the border between Brazil and Argentina resulting in the waterfalls. Iguassu, meaning ‘big water’ in the local Guarani language, is an apt name since at the point of the falls the river is 2.7 km wide and the normal volume is 1750 cubic meters of water per second. That is a lot of water to be gushing over heights of between 60 and 82 metres.  

The falls themselves make a hairpin shape extending down longer on one side. Often considered the most impressive section of the falls, the mighty Devil’s Throat is at the u-part of the hairpin. The Iguassu River forms the border between Argentina and Brazil with most of the waterfalls falling on the Argentinian side. Both countries have formed national parks around the falls to protect this natural wonder and the remnants of the Atlantic Forest that surround it. Visitors flock to the falls from the towns of Puerto Iguazú on the Argentinian side and Foz do Iguaçu on the Brazilian side. Neither town is especially remarkable, simply a gateway to the national parks and the falls. 

Views of the u-shaped Devil's Throat from the Argentine side (top)

and Brazilian side (bottom)

 Looking from the top down into Devil's Throat 

We visited both national parks and were really glad we made the effort to do so. We found the two sides to be quite different but equally spectacular; in our opinion it is not really possible to say one side is better than the other. Since most of the falls are on the Argentinian side, it is easier to get up close to some sections of the falls in Argentina, however, there is no overall view of the falls from this side. The Brazilian side has spectacular panoramic views of the falls but the area near Devil’s Throat is the only section of waterfalls that one can get close to. Both parks have access to the Devil’s Throat; Argentina has a boardwalk across the upper part of the river for views down the top of falls and Brazil has a similar boardwalk halfway across the lower part of the river for views up from the bottom of Devil’s Throat and for views of the falls on either side of Devil’s Throat.

Views of various other sections of the falls from the Argentine side.

They all have names but we are not sure what they are....

This one we know is called Salto Do Hermanas

The Argentine Park felt more spread out than the Brazilian Park, there are more trails to reach different parts of the falls and we enjoyed a day of walking in the forest. We started our exploring with the trail to Devil’s Throat; it was lovely to walk out across the river into the middle of the falls on this trail. But it was also scary to think of the heavy rains in 1982 and 1992 that elevated the river to 39 000 cubic meters of water per second and washed the boardwalks and some islands away. We also enjoyed views of the falls from different angles on the Upper and Lower Trails.

We spent the day in Argentina with Frans and Agnes, our Dutch friends from Vitoria. We independently booked a weekend away in Foz but decided to spend some time together when we discovered we would be there at the same time. At the end of the day our driver also took us to the tri-border point where Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay meet.

Justin, Bron, Agnes and Frans on the lower trail on the Argentine side 

So many cool butterflies!! 

They don't really sit still for photos though.

Where we wished we were staying, the hotel in the Brazilian National Park. 

While it is easy to spend a full day or more in the Argentine Park, you only need half a day to see the main sights in the Brazilian Park. There is one main trail along the edge of the river with just incredible panoramic views of the falls across the river. There are other trails leading through the forest that one can enjoy as well though. We started at the first view point on the main falls trail and walked our way up to the grand finale of Devil’s Throat. It was just spectacular. All the information we had gathered and read about the falls does not properly describe or prepare you for the majesty that is Iguassu Falls. They are truly spectacular and so difficult to describe in words, we hope the pictures do better justice. We feel really fortunate for the opportunity to visit and see them.

First views in the Brazilian Park

More amazing views on the trail to Devil's Throat

The board walk leading to views of Devil's Throat

So much of Spray!

Standing on the boardwalk looking into the Devil's Throat.

Rainbow! 

Standing on a platform above looking down over the falls

Even though both parks are set in the forest we didn’t see a lot of animals. This could be due to how busy the parks were since it was Easter weekend. We were happy that the Brazilian Park felt much quieter on Easter Sunday than the Argentine Park had on the Saturday. We did see one group of capuchin monkeys in the Argentine Park though, and lots of pretty butterflies and loads of coatis in both parks. Sadly the coatis in both parks have become used to the human presence and see humans as a source of food. While they are not tame, they no longer feel threatened by us. Some of the coatis actively look for bags of any kind and those near the restaurant and snack areas are decidedly chubbier than the average coati. However, most of them will leave you alone if you ignore them. Apparently it is possible to see howler monkeys, capuchin monkeys, caiman, raccoons, snakes, various birds and butterflies, jaguars and other animals in the parks.  

Cheeky but cute scavenging coatis

Near the entrance of the Brazilian Iguassu National Park is the Parque das Aves, or Bird Park.

At 16.5 hectares, this is the largest bird park in Latin America. The bird park is a rescue centre and sanctuary for abused, illegally owned and trafficked birds as well as a research centre. They give a good home to birds no other institute will take. In addition to the bird hospital, they also run conservation and breeding projects for various species including toucans, macaws, and other endangered parrots. There is also a reptile section and a butterfly aviary.

We really enjoyed the afternoon we spent walking around the bird park. They have so many different species; you would spend a lifetime trying to see them all in the wild. It is obvious they are passionate about birds and that the birds here are well cared for, the aviaries are all spacious and clean and the birds seem happy. Our favourite was the toucans and the walk-in Macaw aviary. We spent ages in the Macaw aviary enjoying them swooshing around us, they really are impressive birds, it is so sad they are so endangered.

Toco Toucan

Female Golden Pheasant?

Cool hair do dude!

Spoon-billed Ibis

The very impressive Harpy Eagle, the largest and most powerful raptor in the Americas

The fun and quirky Hyacinth Macaw.

They reminded us of Dory from Finding Nemo.

Story time! 

These guys sat like this for ages. 

These 2 Macaws were very lovey with each other, was very sweet.

Shake those tail feathers! 

Before we jetted home on Monday, we had time to squeeze in a tour of the Itaipu Dam and hydroelectric scheme. For this project, Brazil and Paraguay both donated land and Itaipu Binacional was created: a neutral company that runs the project on neutral land. A dam was built on the Paraná River to harness the natural power of the water and 20 generators were installed. The treaty between Brazil and Paraguay was signed in 1973 and construction began in 1975. The first generator started in 1984 and the last were operational in 1991.

We joined the special tour of the Itaipu project which took us to view the dam and into the heart of the plant where we saw the central control centre and one of the generators in action. We really enjoyed visiting this feat of engineering and some of the fun facts we learnt about the project include:

- The Itaipu spillway supports a flow of water 40 times greater than the average flow of Iguassu Falls.

- The total volume of concrete used to build the plant would be enough to build 210 football stadiums like the Maracanã Stadium in Rio.

- The amount of iron and steel used would be enough to build 380 Eiffel Towers.

That is a lot of water, concrete and steel!

Inside the dam wall 

The Control Centre

Boibs at Itaipu

Overview of the dam and spillway

And then the weekend was over and it was time to go home =(

Sunset in Sao Paulo while boarding the plane 

All in all we had an amazing weekend and can highly recommend a visit to Iguassu!

Back in Vitoria it has ‘cooled down’ to a much more bearable 28°C over the last two weeks, we really hope it stays that way! It is still very dry though and we are hoping for some more rain before the rainy season draws to a close. We are also enjoying lots of public holidays in April with 4 long weekends in a row!  

Until next time x